기조 연설자 (Keynote Speakers):

Session 1:
Elder Elona Street-Stewart (Co-Moderator of the 224th General Assembly (2020))

1. Co-Moderator of the 224th General Assembly (2020) of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) and the synod executive of the Synod of Lakes and Prairies.
2. Elder Elona Street-Stewart, a member of the Delaware Nanticoke people, has been engaged for four decades in grassroots and national advocacy on social equity, Indian education, family empowerment and public policy.

Title: Uncovering Truths of Christian Contact with Native Americans
Presenter: Elder Elona Street-Stewart
In this symposium we will reflect on the history of Protestant mission from various Indigenous perspectives, starting with the period of contact between Pilgrims, separatists, fleeing England and the Indigenous people already here. Elona’s presentation is designed to uncover grossly neglected or erroneous Indigenous stories so that we can illuminate historical accuracy, spiritual truths, and restorative justice. It is important to understand how we decide what is truth and what is an illusion. Native Americans are commonly portrayed in the national consciousness, popular media, and church records in images and stories full of stereotypes or as a vanished and conquered element of the past. As we hear stories about the struggles of Indigenous people, we also want to hear stories of wisdom, resiliency, and healing that bear witness to faith and survival.

1. ---------------------------------------- 

Session 2:
Dr, Paul Cha (Hong Kong University, History of American Mission in Korea)

1. Paul S. Cha is an Assistant Professor of Korean Studies at the University of Hong Kong and is currently a visiting scholar at the Harvard-Yenching Institute.
2. Author of Balancing Communities: Nation, State, and Protestant Christianity in Korea, 1884-1942, he has written widely on the history of Korean Protestantism. 

Title: To Start a New Life: American Missionaries In Chosŏn Korea.

This presentation poses the following question: how should we understand the American Protestant missionaries’ early presence in Korea? I argue that instead of viewing them as simply “missionaries” pioneering the spread of the gospel in Korea, we must also view them as “migrants” pioneering a new life. Accounting for the challenges in starting a new life in Korea sheds light on (as well as an appreciation for) the early conflicts between Horace Allen, Horace G. Underwood, and John Heron during the first decade of the Northern Presbyterian missionaries’ work in Korea. These three fiercely fought over the administration of Chejungwŏn and mission policy. Chejungwŏn was Korea’s first Western-style hospital, jointly administered by the Northern Presbyterians and the Korean government.
For this reason, the Northern Presbyterians originally viewed the hospital in a positive light, as a sign of God’s good favor. However, it soon became apparent that the hospital hindered the Northern Presbyterians’ ability to engage in open evangelization. Those who wished to maintain good relations with the Korean government argued for the necessity of observing established anti-Christians edicts. In contrast, others argued for the need to evangelize regardless of any political repercussions. These debates became heated in part because at the very heart of the conflict was the question of what was the point of going to Korea as a missionary if not to evangelize. The missionaries left behind friends, families, and comfort to start a life in a country with no substantial Western communities. Life in Korea was hard. And one question on the minds of many early missionaries was whether their sacrifices were worth it.

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Session 3 & 4

Dr. Jane Hong (Occidental College, History of American Colonialism and Racism)

1. Associate Professor of History at Occidental College.
2. A historian of U. S. Immigration and engagement with the world, with a focus on Asia after World War II. 
3. Author of Opening the Gates to Asia: A Transpacific History of How America Repealed Asian Exclusion (University of North Carolina Press, 2019)
4. ----------------------------------------
5. Session 3 

Title: Histories of US Empire and Exclusion
Presenter: Dr. Jane Hong
This talk overviews the imperial roots of anti-Asian racism and violence in the United States. Tracing the relationship between US empire in Asia and America’s histories of Asian exclusion, it argues that the violence we continue to see today against Asian peoples has to be understood in the context of a longer history of US empire in Asia. Like other nations in the world, the US has historically prioritized its own self-interest. Unlike other nations in the world, the US was able to actualize and execute its imperial visions to a startling degree beginning in the post-WWII period, with consequences for Koreans and the wider world.
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Session 4:

Title: Korean American History

This presentation addresses both the racism and oppression Koreans have experienced in the United States, and the resilience, humanity, and solidarity they have shown in the face of others’ efforts to dehumanize and exclude them. It traces how, from the first wave of Korean immigration to the United States at the dawn of the twentieth century through the present, Koreans in the United States have organized and mobilized for a cause.

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Session &5
Dr. Eunil David Cho (Boston University, Pastoral Theology)

1. The Rev. Dr. Cho is a practical theologian whose research in pastoral theology, spiritual care, and congregational studies especially among immigrant and refugee communities, engages the fields of narrative theories and therapy, psychology of religion, sociology of religion, and migration studies. 
2. Dr. Cho currently serves as the Co-Director of the Center for Practical Theology at Boston University School of Theology. He is also an ordained minister in the Presbyterian Church (USA).

Title: Practicing Korean American Theology: Telling Our Stories from Generation to Generation

Based on the symposium’s theme on storytelling, the presentation begins with the importance of storytelling in identity development, faith formation, theological imagination, church renewal, and social justice for the Korean American Christian communities. Then the presentation provides a comparative look at how Jewish communities in diaspora engage in the practice of storytelling through Haggadah during Passover to strengthen intergenerational ties and to empower their future generations to enrich their Jewish identity in diaspora. In the end, the presentation invites all of us to imagine creatively how Korean immigrant churches can continue telling their stories of God, Korean American identity, immigration experience, pain and loss, and hope and redemption faithfully.
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Moderator :
Rev. Samuel Son

1. The Presbyterian Mission Agency’s manager for Diversity and Reconciliation
2. Contributor to Cultural Weekly, Presbyterian Today, and others.

Session 1:
Elder Elona Street-Stewart (Co-Moderator of the 224th General Assembly (2020))

1. Co-Moderator of the 224th General Assembly (2020) of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) and the synod executive of the Synod of Lakes and Prairies.
2. Elder Elona Street-Stewart, a member of the Delaware Nanticoke people, has been engaged for four decades in grassroots and national advocacy on social equity, Indian education, family empowerment and public policy.

Title: Uncovering Truths of Christian Contact with Native Americans
Presenter: Elder Elona Street-Stewart
In this symposium we will reflect on the history of Protestant mission from various Indigenous perspectives, starting with the period of contact between Pilgrims, separatists, fleeing England and the Indigenous people already here. Elona’s presentation is designed to uncover grossly neglected or erroneous Indigenous stories so that we can illuminate historical accuracy, spiritual truths, and restorative justice. It is important to understand how we decide what is truth and what is an illusion. Native Americans are commonly portrayed in the national consciousness, popular media, and church records in images and stories full of stereotypes or as a vanished and conquered element of the past. As we hear stories about the struggles of Indigenous people, we also want to hear stories of wisdom, resiliency, and healing that bear witness to faith and survival.

1. ---------------------------------------- 

Session 2:
Dr, Paul Cha (Hong Kong University, History of American Mission in Korea)

1. Paul S. Cha is an Assistant Professor of Korean Studies at the University of Hong Kong and is currently a visiting scholar at the Harvard-Yenching Institute.
2. Author of Balancing Communities: Nation, State, and Protestant Christianity in Korea, 1884-1942, he has written widely on the history of Korean Protestantism. 

Title: To Start a New Life: American Missionaries In Chosŏn Korea.

This presentation poses the following question: how should we understand the American Protestant missionaries’ early presence in Korea? I argue that instead of viewing them as simply “missionaries” pioneering the spread of the gospel in Korea, we must also view them as “migrants” pioneering a new life. Accounting for the challenges in starting a new life in Korea sheds light on (as well as an appreciation for) the early conflicts between Horace Allen, Horace G. Underwood, and John Heron during the first decade of the Northern Presbyterian missionaries’ work in Korea. These three fiercely fought over the administration of Chejungwŏn and mission policy. Chejungwŏn was Korea’s first Western-style hospital, jointly administered by the Northern Presbyterians and the Korean government.
For this reason, the Northern Presbyterians originally viewed the hospital in a positive light, as a sign of God’s good favor. However, it soon became apparent that the hospital hindered the Northern Presbyterians’ ability to engage in open evangelization. Those who wished to maintain good relations with the Korean government argued for the necessity of observing established anti-Christians edicts. In contrast, others argued for the need to evangelize regardless of any political repercussions. These debates became heated in part because at the very heart of the conflict was the question of what was the point of going to Korea as a missionary if not to evangelize. The missionaries left behind friends, families, and comfort to start a life in a country with no substantial Western communities. Life in Korea was hard. And one question on the minds of many early missionaries was whether their sacrifices were worth it.

-----
Session 3 & 4

Dr. Jane Hong (Occidental College, History of American Colonialism and Racism)

1. Associate Professor of History at Occidental College.
2. A historian of U. S. Immigration and engagement with the world, with a focus on Asia after World War II. 
3. Author of Opening the Gates to Asia: A Transpacific History of How America Repealed Asian Exclusion (University of North Carolina Press, 2019)
4. ----------------------------------------
5. Abstract of the session 3 & 4

Title: Histories of US Empire and Exclusion
Presenter: Dr. Jane Hong
This talk overviews the imperial roots of anti-Asian racism and violence in the United States. Tracing the relationship between US empire in Asia and America’s histories of Asian exclusion, it argues that the violence we continue to see today against Asian peoples has to be understood in the context of a longer history of US empire in Asia. Like other nations in the world, the US has historically prioritized its own self-interest. Unlike other nations in the world, the US was able to actualize and execute its imperial visions to a startling degree beginning in the post-WWII period, with consequences for Koreans and the wider world.
----------
Session 4:

Title: Korean American History

This presentation addresses both the racism and oppression Koreans have experienced in the United States, and the resilience, humanity, and solidarity they have shown in the face of others’ efforts to dehumanize and exclude them. It traces how, from the first wave of Korean immigration to the United States at the dawn of the twentieth century through the present, Koreans in the United States have organized and mobilized for a cause.

--------------------------------------
Session &5
Dr. Eunil David Cho (Boston University, Pastoral Theology)

1. The Rev. Dr. Cho is a practical theologian whose research in pastoral theology, spiritual care, and congregational studies especially among immigrant and refugee communities, engages the fields of narrative theories and therapy, psychology of religion, sociology of religion, and migration studies. 
2. Dr. Cho currently serves as the Co-Director of the Center for Practical Theology at Boston University School of Theology. He is also an ordained minister in the Presbyterian Church (USA).

Moderator :
Rev. Samuel Son

1. The Presbyterian Mission Agency’s manager for Diversity and Reconciliation
2. Contributor to Cultural Weekly, Presbyterian Today, and others.